Dr. Chihara's Online Study Quiz, page 10

Question #91
DNA was first isolated in 1869 by:

Robert Feulgen.
James Watson.
Erwin Chargaff.
Linus Pauling.
Friedrich Miescher.

Question #92
The phenomenon of transformation was discovered in 1928 by:

James Watson.
Francis Crick.
O. T. Avery.
Erwin Chargaff.
Frederick Griffith.

Question #93
During Griffith's experiments with pneumococci, _________ bacteria were "transformed" into _________ bacteria.

living nonvirulent; living virulent
living nonvirulent; heat-killed virulent
heat-killed virulent; living nonvirulent
heat-killed nonvirulent; living nonvirulent
living virulent; heat-killed nonvirulent

Question #94
In 1943 _________ demonstrated that the transforming factor in Griffith's experiments was _________ .

O. T. Avery; protein
Francis Crick; RNA
Frederick Griffith; DNA
Francis Crick; protein
O. T. Avery; DNA

Question #95
The purpose of Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae was to:

discover the identity of the transforming factor.
prove that DNA is the genetic material.
show that virulence in bacteria is an inherited trait.
find out whether heat-killed virulent pneumococci could be used to immunize patients.
completely characterize the differences between virulent and nonvirulent strains.

Question #96
Experiments performed by O. T. Avery and coworkers in 1943 indicated that __________ was the transforming factor of Griffith's experiments and therefore was likely to be the genetic material.

DNA
protein
RNA
a combination of DNA and protein
a combination of DNA and RNA

Question #97
All of these are characteristics of T-even bacteriophages that make them well-suited for genetic studies EXCEPT one. Identify the exception.

They consist only of DNA and protein.
They can infect a wide variety of bacteria.
Their life cycle is 25 minutes long.
One hundred or more virus particles may be formed in a single bacterium.
They have a definitive structure as seen with the electron microscope.

Question #98
In the experiments of Hershey and Chase, bacteriophage DNA was labeled with __________ and bacteriophage protein was labeled with _________ .

35S; 32P
14C; 32P
32P; 14C
14C; 35S
32P; 35S

Question #99
Hershey and Chase concluded from their experiments that DNA rather than protein carries the hereditary message in T-even bacteriophages, because:

once inside the cell, the protein was inactivated.
progeny virus particles inside the cell contained Sulfur.
the protein has too few amino acids to carry the amount of information.
only DNA, and not protein, was injected into the bacterial cells.
the new generation of virus particles contained only DNA and no protein.

Question #100
In order for DNA to be established as the genetic material, it had to possess the capacity for four activities. Which of the following is NOT one of these four activities?

transformation
replication
mutation
chemical stability
transmission of information from parent cell to daughter cell

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