Manuscripts

These manuscript images have been selected for their general, rather than scholarly, interest. Which is not to say that there is nothing here for the scholar, but simply to point out that the selection was not systematic or pre-planned; rather, images were chosen mainly for their intrinsic visual interest, and for their ability to display some of JCO's work-habits in the early, note-taking stages of her novels.

A "typical" novel in the archive would consist of folders of notes, as well as up to three complete type-written drafts. The images here were almost exclusively taken from the notes.

All manuscript images are in pdf format. Images may not be reproduced without permission of Joyce Carol Oates.

American Appetites 01

Annotation by Joyce Carol Oates:
"Rejected ending of American Appetites."

Annotation by Randy Souther:
I found this page interesting for the very reason that JCO notes: it is a variant ending from the one that we know from the published novel.

American Appetites 02

RS:
Notes for Part 3 of the novel: individual characters and events. Much of it crossed out.

American Appetites 03

RS:
A short typed paragraph, with the written note "End?" next to it. This in fact became the novel's beginning, rather than its ending.

Bellefleur 01

RS:
The discovery of Vernon's book of poetry: "Query." Typed page with interesting written notes that seem to have little to do with the typed material: the time, date, weather, and fauna (seen outside JCO's window?). Several women's faces surrounding the character name "Rache," and the word AVENGER repeated several times. Very interesting.

Bellefleur 02

RS:
Trying out an early title: "Bellefleur: A Pastoral," with "an informal index of various motifs, events, people, themes." Among many interesting notes we find that Raphael started out as "Phineas."

Bellefleur 03

RS:
Continuation of the previous "index." Includes an early, and very different, sketch of "Duck," better known in the published book as "Nightshade."

Bellefleur 04

RS:
Early outline of parts 1 and 2 of the novel. Typed and heavily annotated.

Bellefleur 05

RS:
Hand-written table of contents with page numbers.

Bellefleur 06

RS:
Table of contents (continued).

Bellefleur 07

RS:
Notes on Mahalaleel and Gideon on University of Windsor memo paper.

Bellefleur 08

RS:
Early draft of opening paragraph. Typed. Note that it is in the first-person, spoken by Germaine.

Bellefleur 09

RS:
Notes on the night of Germaine's birth. (And did Dutton pay a $1 million advance on this book . . . ?)

Bellefleur 10

RS:
Another early attempt at the opening paragraph. Hand written. Clearly earlier than "Bellefleur 08."

Bellefleur 11

RS:
Top half of page is part of a typed manuscript. Bottom half is a sketched meditation on the words "Bellefleur" and "Blood."

Bellefleur 12

RS:
Typed notes for Book II. Heavily annotated by hand.

Bellefleur 13

RS:
Notes for Book III. Heavily annotated.

Bellefleur 14

RS:
Another version of the opening. Now in the third-person, and getting close to the published version.

Bellefleur 15

RS:
Notes on the chapter "The Elopement."

Bellefleur 16

RS:
Notes on Matilde. "Mad baroque quilt(s). Paradigm of novel."

Bellefleur 17

RS:
Notes for chapters on the Varrells, the Indian boy Charles Xavier, and Jedediah. And a particularly dense quilt of sketched names and faces.

Bellefleur 18

RS:
An entire page of sketching and doodling. Of purely visual interest.

Bellefleur 19

RS:
Fascinating synopsis of the novel via the characters. "Episodic, loosely structured, anecdotal: something I have never tried before. A series of tales centered about the Bellefleur rise and fall. But of course really a vast metaphor (as lavish as I can invent) for Germaine's childhood, the imagination of childhood . . . the imagination itself."

Bellefleur 20

JCO:
"(rejected fictitious author's note to BELLEFLEUR) None of the statements on the page is true! I only vaguely recall writing it. I see that I'd even drawn my parents (my father's name is misspelled with a 'k') into it. I don't want anyone to think that any of this is true."

A Bloodsmoor Romance

RS:
Notes on John Quincy Zinn and Prudence Kiddemaster.

Broke Heart Blues 01

RS:
If you're having difficulty keeping all the characters straight in Broke Heart Blues, here's a handy chart to aid you.

Broke Heart Blues 02

RS:
Character chart continued.

The Accursed 01

RS:
A scary scene, complete, in its way, on two sides of an envelope, side 1.

The Accursed 02

RS:
Scary scene on evelope, side 2.

The Accursed 03

RS:
Lists of flowers and herbs for possible use in the novel.

The Accursed 04

RS:
Lists of furnishings for possible use in the novel.

The Accursed 05

RS:
Dramatis Personae.

The Accursed 06

RS:
Dramatis Personae (continued).

Foxfire 01

RS:
Rejected openings?

Foxfire 02

RS:
Top of page seems to be from Because It Is Bitter And Because It Is My Heart. Bottom of page is from Foxfire.
"Not long ago I saw an old movie of Marilyn Monroe's from the Fifties, the sudden perception came to me that there was a person trapped inside the jiggly overripe slightly comical flesh . . ." (A hint of novels to come.)

Foxfire 03

RS:
Hand written notes in two columns: Legs in Red Bank. On top of type written notes running in opposite direction: tattoos.

I Lock My Door Upon Myself 01

RS:
The evolution of the title, of Cala's name, and of her color scheme.

I Lock My Door Upon Myself 02

RS:
A column of hand written notes and a column of doodles, written on a working page for the play Tone Clusters.

I Lock My Door Upon Myself 03

RS:
Type written page, heavily annotated.

My Heart Laid Bare 01

RS:
A plan for part 1 of the novel, at this point titled "My Heart Laid Bare: A Chronicle of the Infamous Lichts of Old Muirkirk." Typed and heavily annotated in multiple colored pens. Included in the margin are sketches of women's faces and repeated names of characters and places; both elements appear in many manuscript pages, with the repeated names often taking the form of variations on JCO's own name.